The main cause of periodontal disease is plaque. If plaque is not removed thoroughly, toxins produced by bacteria in the plaque irritate the gums and destroy supporting tissues around the teeth forming pockets. Eventually the plaque hardens into a rough deposit called calculus or tartar. Over time, as more plaque and calculus build up, the gums continue to pull away from the teeth. Gum and bone attachment to the teeth are lost and the pockets deepen. Affected teeth can become loose and eventually may be lost.
Pockets cannot be kept clean and free of plaque just by brushing and flossing alone. The pockets also may be too deep even for your dentist or hygienist to clean. Therefore, the periodontist may decide that osseous surgery is necessary to remove the plaque and calculus below the gum line.
The procedure consists of an incision along the gum line to release the gum tissue and allow the doctor to see and remove the calculus. A local anesthetic is used the numb the area, often in conjunction with conscious sedation (twilight sleep) to relax the jaw muscles and make you feel relaxed and comfortable during the procedure. Sutures are placed and will need to be removed approximately one week following the procedure.
In most cases you will not need osseous surgery in the same area again. Proper oral hygiene (home care) and regular professional care visits are key to achieving a successful longterm result.
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